{"count":839,"next":"http://glycodata.org/api/gdd/glyco-properties/?format=json&page=38","previous":"http://glycodata.org/api/gdd/glyco-properties/?format=json&page=36","results":[{"id":721,"dataset":"heparin","entity":"heparin (UFH)","entity_group":"","entity_class":"heparin (UFH)","property":"anti-Xa/IIa ratio","property_key":"anti_xa_iia_ratio","value":"1","unit":"ratio","value_reported":"1.0","unit_reported":"ratio","method":"Review","method_detail":"anti-Xa to anti-IIa ratio of UFH (by definition ~1:1)","conditions":"anti-Xa to anti-IIa ratio of UFH (by definition ~1:1)","conditions_detail":"anti-Xa to anti-IIa ratio of UFH (by definition ~1:1)","doi":"10.1093/eurheartj/ehl492","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehl492","year":"2007","confidence":"high","comments":"\"In contrast, by definition, UFH has an anti-Xa to anti-IIa ratio of 1\"  — European Heart Journal review  [De Caterina R, Husted S, Wallentin L, et al., 2007, confidence: high]"},{"id":722,"dataset":"heparin","entity":"LMWH (class)","entity_group":"","entity_class":"LMWH","property":"molecular weight","property_key":"molecular_weight","value":"4.75","unit":"kDa","value_reported":"4000-5500","unit_reported":"Da","method":"Review","method_detail":"mean molecular weight of LMWH class (range 2,000-9,000 Da, mean depends on product)","conditions":"mean molecular weight of LMWH class (range 2,000-9,000 Da, mean depends on product)","conditions_detail":"mean molecular weight of LMWH class (range 2,000-9,000 Da, mean depends on product) | range Da: 2000-9000","doi":"10.1186/1477-9560-9-5","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-9560-9-5","year":"2011","confidence":"high","comments":"\"Each LMWH consists of a heterogeneous mixture of polysaccharide chains with molecular weights ranging from 2,000 to 9,000 Da (mean 4,000-5,500 Da, depending on the LMWH).\"  [Fareed J, Adiguzel C, Thethi I, 2011, confidence: high]"},{"id":723,"dataset":"heparin","entity":"LMWH (class)","entity_group":"","entity_class":"LMWH","property":"anti-Xa activity","property_key":"anti_xa_activity","value":"100","unit":"IU/mg","value_reported":"100","unit_reported":"IU/mg","method":"Review","method_detail":"approximate specific anti-Xa activity of LMWHs (vs ~700 for fondaparinux)","conditions":"approximate specific anti-Xa activity of LMWHs (vs ~700 for fondaparinux)","conditions_detail":"approximate specific anti-Xa activity of LMWHs (vs ~700 for fondaparinux)","doi":"10.1093/eurheartj/ehl492","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehl492","year":"2007","confidence":"high","comments":"\"The specific anti-Xa activity of fondaparinux is about seven-fold higher than that of LMWHs (about 700 anti-Xa U/ mg and 100 anti-Xa U/mg, respectively).\"  — U/mg = IU/mg  [De Caterina R, Husted S, Wallentin L, et al., 2007, confidence: high]"},{"id":724,"dataset":"heparin","entity":"LMWH (class)","entity_group":"","entity_class":"LMWH","property":"anti-Xa/IIa ratio","property_key":"anti_xa_iia_ratio","value":"3","unit":"ratio","value_reported":"2.0-4.0","unit_reported":"ratio","method":"Review","method_detail":"anti-Xa to anti-IIa ratio range for LMWHs","conditions":"anti-Xa to anti-IIa ratio range for LMWHs","conditions_detail":"anti-Xa to anti-IIa ratio range for LMWHs","doi":"10.1093/eurheartj/ehl492","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehl492","year":"2007","confidence":"high","comments":"\"Consequently, LMWH preparations have greater capacity to promote FXa inhibition than thrombin inhibition and have anti-Xa to anti-IIa ratios that range from 2:1 to 4:1 depending on their molecular weight profiles.\"  [De Caterina R, Husted S, Wallentin L, et al., 2007, confidence: high]"},{"id":725,"dataset":"heparin","entity":"enoxaparin","entity_group":"","entity_class":"LMWH","property":"molecular weight","property_key":"molecular_weight","value":"4.5","unit":"kDa","value_reported":"4.5","unit_reported":"kDa","method":"Review","method_detail":"mean molecular weight (4500 daltons)","conditions":"mean molecular weight (4500 daltons)","conditions_detail":"mean molecular weight (4500 daltons)","doi":"10.1136/ejhpharm-2020-002262","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ejhpharm-2020-002262","year":"2020","confidence":"high","comments":"\"LMWH with lower mean molecular weights (enoxaparin 4500 daltons, bemiparin 3600 daltons).\"  [Diaz Gomez E, Suarez del Olmo D, Corregidor Luna L, et al., 2020, confidence: high]"},{"id":726,"dataset":"heparin","entity":"enoxaparin","entity_group":"","entity_class":"LMWH","property":"molecular weight","property_key":"molecular_weight","value":"4.5","unit":"kDa","value_reported":"3500-5500","unit_reported":"Da","method":"Review","method_detail":"average molecular weight of enoxaparin (benzylation + alkaline depolymerization)","conditions":"average molecular weight of enoxaparin (benzylation + alkaline depolymerization)","conditions_detail":"average molecular weight of enoxaparin (benzylation + alkaline depolymerization)","doi":"10.1186/s12893-024-02440-0","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12893-024-02440-0","year":"2024","confidence":"high","comments":"\"Enoxaparin is derived from UFH by benzylation followed by alkaline depolymerization, has an average molecular weight of 3500-5500Da, and contains 10,000 International Unit (IU) of anti-Xa factor (AxaIU, WHO compendial units) per ml\"  — BMC Surgery  [Gao X, Jin X, Huang R, et al., 2024, confidence: high]"},{"id":727,"dataset":"heparin","entity":"enoxaparin","entity_group":"","entity_class":"LMWH","property":"anti-Xa/IIa ratio","property_key":"anti_xa_iia_ratio","value":"3.9","unit":"ratio","value_reported":"3.9","unit_reported":"ratio","method":"Review","method_detail":"anti-Xa/anti-IIa activity ratio","conditions":"anti-Xa/anti-IIa activity ratio","conditions_detail":"anti-Xa/anti-IIa activity ratio","doi":"10.1177/1076029617729215","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1076029617729215","year":"2017","confidence":"high","comments":"\"it has the lowest (2:1) anti-Xa/anti-IIa activity ratio, compared to bemiparin’s ratio of 8:1 and enoxaparin’s ratio of 3.9:1.\"  [Dimakakos E, Vathiotis I, Syrigos K, 2017, confidence: high]"},{"id":728,"dataset":"heparin","entity":"enoxaparin","entity_group":"","entity_class":"LMWH","property":"anti-Xa/IIa ratio","property_key":"anti_xa_iia_ratio","value":"3.7","unit":"ratio","value_reported":"3.7","unit_reported":"ratio","method":"Review","method_detail":"anti-Xa : anti-IIa ratio (3.7:1)","conditions":"anti-Xa : anti-IIa ratio (3.7:1)","conditions_detail":"anti-Xa : anti-IIa ratio (3.7:1)","doi":"10.4212/cjhp.v68i1.1423","source_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4350497/","year":"2015","confidence":"medium","comments":"\"Enoxaparin ... 3.7 : 1\"  — value from comparative ratio table  [Egan G, Ensom MHH, 2015, confidence: medium]"},{"id":729,"dataset":"heparin","entity":"enoxaparin","entity_group":"","entity_class":"LMWH","property":"anti-Xa/IIa ratio","property_key":"anti_xa_iia_ratio","value":"3.2","unit":"ratio","value_reported":"3.2","unit_reported":"ratio","method":"Experiment","method_detail":"anti-Xa/anti-IIa ratio of enoxaparin used in hip-surgery prophylaxis trial","conditions":"anti-Xa/anti-IIa ratio of enoxaparin used in hip-surgery prophylaxis trial","conditions_detail":"anti-Xa/anti-IIa ratio of enoxaparin used in hip-surgery prophylaxis trial","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-2141.1999.01153.x","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2141.1999.01153.x","year":"1999","confidence":"high","comments":"\"The anti-Xa/anti-IIa ratio of tinzaparin is 1.7 and that of enoxaparin is 3.2.\"  — same paper also states enoxaparin ratio ~3.3  [Bara L, Planes A, Samama MM, 1999, confidence: high]"},{"id":730,"dataset":"heparin","entity":"enoxaparin","entity_group":"","entity_class":"LMWH","property":"anti-Xa activity","property_key":"anti_xa_activity","value":"100","unit":"IU/mg","value_reported":"100","unit_reported":"IU/mg","method":"Review","method_detail":"specific anti-Xa activity (1 mg enoxaparin = 100 anti-Xa units)","conditions":"specific anti-Xa activity (1 mg enoxaparin = 100 anti-Xa units)","conditions_detail":"specific anti-Xa activity (1 mg enoxaparin = 100 anti-Xa units)","doi":"10.1093/eurheartj/ehl492","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehl492","year":"2007","confidence":"medium","comments":"\"In such cases, 1 mg neutralizes 100 anti-Xa units of LMWHs.\"  — Standard clinical conversion: enoxaparin ~100 anti-Xa IU/mg; applies to LMWHs generally  [De Caterina R, Husted S, Wallentin L, et al., 2007, confidence: medium]"},{"id":731,"dataset":"heparin","entity":"dalteparin","entity_group":"","entity_class":"LMWH","property":"molecular weight","property_key":"molecular_weight","value":"5","unit":"kDa","value_reported":"5.0","unit_reported":"kDa","method":"Review","method_detail":"mean molecular weight (5000 daltons)","conditions":"mean molecular weight (5000 daltons)","conditions_detail":"mean molecular weight (5000 daltons)","doi":"10.1136/ejhpharm-2020-002262","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ejhpharm-2020-002262","year":"2020","confidence":"high","comments":"\"tinzaparin (mean molecular weight 6500 daltons) and dalteparin (5000 daltons)\"  [Diaz Gomez E, Suarez del Olmo D, Corregidor Luna L, et al., 2020, confidence: high]"},{"id":732,"dataset":"heparin","entity":"dalteparin","entity_group":"","entity_class":"LMWH","property":"molecular weight","property_key":"molecular_weight","value":"5.7","unit":"kDa","value_reported":"5.7","unit_reported":"kDa","method":"Review","method_detail":"molecular weight cited as 5700 Da (alternate value)","conditions":"molecular weight cited as 5700 Da (alternate value)","conditions_detail":"molecular weight cited as 5700 Da (alternate value)","doi":"10.1177/1076029617729215","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1076029617729215","year":"2017","confidence":"high","comments":"\"tinzaparin (6500 Da) and to a lesser extent dalteparin (5700 Da) employ first-order pharmacokinetics\"  — Second reported dalteparin MW; values vary 5000-5700 Da across sources  [Dimakakos E, Vathiotis I, Syrigos K, 2017, confidence: high]"},{"id":733,"dataset":"heparin","entity":"dalteparin","entity_group":"","entity_class":"LMWH","property":"anti-Xa/IIa ratio","property_key":"anti_xa_iia_ratio","value":"2.8","unit":"ratio","value_reported":"2.8","unit_reported":"ratio","method":"Review","method_detail":"anti-Xa : anti-IIa ratio (2.8:1)","conditions":"anti-Xa : anti-IIa ratio (2.8:1)","conditions_detail":"anti-Xa : anti-IIa ratio (2.8:1)","doi":"10.4212/cjhp.v68i1.1423","source_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4350497/","year":"2015","confidence":"medium","comments":"\"Dalteparin ... 2.8 : 1\"  — from comparative ratio table  [Egan G, Ensom MHH, 2015, confidence: medium]"},{"id":734,"dataset":"heparin","entity":"tinzaparin","entity_group":"","entity_class":"LMWH","property":"molecular weight","property_key":"molecular_weight","value":"6.5","unit":"kDa","value_reported":"6.5","unit_reported":"kDa","method":"Review","method_detail":"average molecular mass 6500 Da (range 5500-7500 Da); produced by heparinase depolymerization of porcine UFH","conditions":"average molecular mass 6500 Da (range 5500-7500 Da); produced by heparinase depolymerization of porcine UFH","conditions_detail":"average molecular mass 6500 Da (range 5500-7500 Da); produced by heparinase depolymerization of porcine UFH | range Da: 5500-7500","doi":"10.1177/1076029617729215","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1076029617729215","year":"2017","confidence":"high","comments":"\"The enzymatic depolymerization of UFH from porcine intestinal mucosa via the utilization of Flavobacterium heparinum heparinase produces tinzaparin sodium (Innohep), a LMWH with an average molecular mass of 6500 Da (varying from 5500 to 7500 Da).\"  — Highest mean MW among LMWHs  [Dimakakos E, Vathiotis I, Syrigos K, 2017, confidence: high]"},{"id":735,"dataset":"heparin","entity":"tinzaparin","entity_group":"","entity_class":"LMWH","property":"anti-Xa/IIa ratio","property_key":"anti_xa_iia_ratio","value":"2","unit":"ratio","value_reported":"2.0","unit_reported":"ratio","method":"Review","method_detail":"lowest anti-Xa/anti-IIa ratio among LMWHs (2:1)","conditions":"lowest anti-Xa/anti-IIa ratio among LMWHs (2:1)","conditions_detail":"lowest anti-Xa/anti-IIa ratio among LMWHs (2:1)","doi":"10.1177/1076029617729215","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1076029617729215","year":"2017","confidence":"high","comments":"\"Thus, it has the lowest (2:1) anti-Xa/anti-IIa activity ratio, compared to bemiparin’s ratio of 8:1 and enoxaparin’s ratio of 3.9:1.\"  [Dimakakos E, Vathiotis I, Syrigos K, 2017, confidence: high]"},{"id":736,"dataset":"heparin","entity":"tinzaparin","entity_group":"","entity_class":"LMWH","property":"anti-Xa/IIa ratio","property_key":"anti_xa_iia_ratio","value":"1.7","unit":"ratio","value_reported":"1.7","unit_reported":"ratio","method":"Experiment","method_detail":"anti-Xa/anti-IIa ratio of tinzaparin (1.7; stated <2)","conditions":"anti-Xa/anti-IIa ratio of tinzaparin (1.7; stated <2)","conditions_detail":"anti-Xa/anti-IIa ratio of tinzaparin (1.7; stated <2)","doi":"10.1046/j.1365-2141.1999.01153.x","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2141.1999.01153.x","year":"1999","confidence":"high","comments":"\"The anti-Xa/anti-IIa ratio of tinzaparin is 1.7 and that of enoxaparin is 3.2.\"  — consistent with ratio <2 reported in same paper  [Bara L, Planes A, Samama MM, 1999, confidence: high]"},{"id":737,"dataset":"heparin","entity":"tinzaparin","entity_group":"","entity_class":"LMWH","property":"anti-Xa/IIa ratio","property_key":"anti_xa_iia_ratio","value":"6","unit":"ratio","value_reported":"6.0","unit_reported":"ratio","method":"Review","method_detail":"anti-Xa : anti-IIa ratio reported as 6:1 (note: conflicts with other reviews reporting ~2:1)","conditions":"anti-Xa : anti-IIa ratio reported as 6:1 (note: conflicts with other reviews reporting ~2:1)","conditions_detail":"anti-Xa : anti-IIa ratio reported as 6:1 (note: conflicts with other reviews reporting ~2:1)","doi":"10.4212/cjhp.v68i1.1423","source_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4350497/","year":"2015","confidence":"low","comments":"\"Tinzaparin ... 6 : 1\"  — Outlier; most sources give tinzaparin the lowest ratio (~1.7-2.0). Flagged for discrepancy.  [Egan G, Ensom MHH, 2015, confidence: low]"},{"id":738,"dataset":"heparin","entity":"nadroparin","entity_group":"","entity_class":"LMWH","property":"molecular weight","property_key":"molecular_weight","value":"4.3","unit":"kDa","value_reported":"3600-5000","unit_reported":"Da","method":"Review","method_detail":"average molecular weight (nitrous acid depolymerization)","conditions":"average molecular weight (nitrous acid depolymerization)","conditions_detail":"average molecular weight (nitrous acid depolymerization)","doi":"10.1186/s12893-024-02440-0","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12893-024-02440-0","year":"2024","confidence":"high","comments":"\"Nadroparin is derived from UFH by nitrous acid depolymerization, has an average molecular weight of 3600-5000Da, and contains 10,250 AxaIU per ml\"  [Gao X, Jin X, Huang R, et al., 2024, confidence: high]"},{"id":739,"dataset":"heparin","entity":"bemiparin","entity_group":"","entity_class":"LMWH","property":"molecular weight","property_key":"molecular_weight","value":"3.6","unit":"kDa","value_reported":"3.6","unit_reported":"kDa","method":"Review","method_detail":"molecular weight 3600 daltons (second-generation LMWH)","conditions":"molecular weight 3600 daltons (second-generation LMWH)","conditions_detail":"molecular weight 3600 daltons (second-generation LMWH)","doi":"10.1159/000073608","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000073608","year":"2002","confidence":"high","comments":"\"Bemiparin, a new second generation LMWH, with a molecular weight of 3600 daltons and an anti-Xa/anti-IIa ratio greater than 8\"  [Harenberg J, 2002, confidence: high]"},{"id":740,"dataset":"heparin","entity":"bemiparin","entity_group":"","entity_class":"LMWH","property":"anti-Xa/IIa ratio","property_key":"anti_xa_iia_ratio","value":"8","unit":"ratio","value_reported":"8.0","unit_reported":"ratio","method":"Review","method_detail":"anti-Xa/anti-IIa ratio (8:1; highest among LMWHs)","conditions":"anti-Xa/anti-IIa ratio (8:1; highest among LMWHs)","conditions_detail":"anti-Xa/anti-IIa ratio (8:1; highest among LMWHs)","doi":"10.1177/1076029617729215","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1076029617729215","year":"2017","confidence":"high","comments":"\"compared to bemiparin’s ratio of 8:1 and enoxaparin’s ratio of 3.9:1.\"  — Harenberg 2002 corroborates: ratio >8  [Dimakakos E, Vathiotis I, Syrigos K, 2017, confidence: high]"}]}