{"count":839,"next":"http://glycodata.org/api/gdd/glyco-properties/?format=json&page=26","previous":"http://glycodata.org/api/gdd/glyco-properties/?format=json&page=24","results":[{"id":481,"dataset":"cellulose","entity":"lyocell-reinforced AESO composite (60 wt% fiber)","entity_group":"lyocell/Tencel","entity_class":"regenerated cellulose","property":"Young's modulus","property_key":"youngs_modulus","value":"17.0","unit":"GPa","value_reported":"17","unit_reported":"GPa","method":"Experiment","method_detail":"Tensile testing of lyocell non-woven reinforced acrylated epoxidized soybean oil composite (60 wt% fiber)","conditions":"Tensile testing of lyocell non-woven reinforced acrylated epoxidized soybean oil composite (60 wt% fiber)","conditions_detail":"Tensile testing of lyocell non-woven reinforced acrylated epoxidized soybean oil composite (60 wt% fiber) | form: composite | axis: in-plane | test state: dry","doi":"10.1177/0731684413504325","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684413504325","year":"2013","confidence":"high","comments":"\"Lyocell fiber reinforced composites with 60 wt% fiber content had a tensile strength and modulus of about 135 MPa and 17 GPa, respectively.\"  — J Reinf Plast Compos 33(2). Lyocell composite (regenerated-fiber reinforced).  [Ramamoorthy SK, Kundu CK, Adekunle K, 2013, confidence: high]"},{"id":482,"dataset":"cellulose","entity":"MCC-derived regenerated cellulose fiber","entity_group":"regenerated cellulose (other)","entity_class":"pulp / microcrystalline cellulose","property":"Young's modulus","property_key":"youngs_modulus","value":"5.9","unit":"GPa","value_reported":"5.9","unit_reported":"GPa","method":"Experiment","method_detail":"Tensile testing of cellulose fiber produced from microcrystalline cellulose","conditions":"Tensile testing of cellulose fiber produced from microcrystalline cellulose","conditions_detail":"Tensile testing of cellulose fiber produced from microcrystalline cellulose | form: fiber | axis: axial (along fiber) | test state: dry","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.098642","source_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0141813025098642","year":"2025","confidence":"medium","comments":"\"Cellulose fibers produced from microcrystalline cellulose showed a Young's modulus of 5.9 GPa and tensile strength of 67 MPa.\"  — Int J Biol Macromol review. DOI inferred from article id (S0141813025098642); confidence medium pending DOI confirmation. MCC-derived fiber.  [et al., 2025, confidence: medium]"},{"id":483,"dataset":"cellulose","entity":"microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), plant cellulose","entity_group":"microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)","entity_class":"pulp / microcrystalline cellulose","property":"Young's modulus","property_key":"youngs_modulus","value":"25.0","unit":"GPa","value_reported":"25","unit_reported":"GPa","method":"Review","method_detail":"Reported Young's modulus of plant-cellulose MCC","conditions":"Reported Young's modulus of plant-cellulose MCC","conditions_detail":"Reported Young's modulus of plant-cellulose MCC | form: microcrystalline cellulose | axis: not specified","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.098642","source_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0141813025098642","year":"2025","confidence":"medium","comments":"\"For plant cellulose, the Young's modulus of MCC is approximately 25 GPa.\"  — DOI inferred; confidence medium pending DOI confirmation. Bulk plant-cellulose MCC modulus.  [et al., 2025, confidence: medium]"},{"id":484,"dataset":"cellulose","entity":"cellulose acetate butyrate / bacterial cellulose composite (32 vol%)","entity_group":"bacterial cellulose","entity_class":"cellulose derivative","property":"Young's modulus","property_key":"youngs_modulus","value":"5.8","unit":"GPa","value_reported":"5.8","unit_reported":"GPa","method":"Experiment","method_detail":"Tensile testing of cellulose acetate butyrate reinforced with 32 vol% bacterial cellulose","conditions":"Tensile testing of cellulose acetate butyrate reinforced with 32 vol% bacterial cellulose","conditions_detail":"Tensile testing of cellulose acetate butyrate reinforced with 32 vol% bacterial cellulose | form: film/composite | axis: in-plane | test state: dry","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2004.04.001","source_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0266353804001174","year":"2004","confidence":"medium","comments":"\"Cellulose acetate butyrate composites reinforced with bacterial cellulose containing 10% and 32% volume cellulose showed a Young's modulus of 3.2 and 5.8 GPa, and a strength of 52.6 and 128.9 MPa, respectively.\"  — DOI inferred; value from search summary. CAB derivative + 32 vol% bacterial cellulose.  [Gindl W, Keckes J, 2004, confidence: medium]"},{"id":485,"dataset":"cellulose","entity":"wet never-dried cellulose pulp fiber (bleached softwood kraft)","entity_group":"dissolving/wood pulp","entity_class":"pulp / microcrystalline cellulose","property":"Young's modulus","property_key":"youngs_modulus","value":"0.0065","unit":"GPa","value_reported":"1-12","unit_reported":"MPa","method":"Experiment","method_detail":"AFM direct force-displacement on never-dried wet fibres immersed in water (BSW kraft pulp)","conditions":"AFM direct force-displacement on never-dried wet fibres immersed in water (BSW kraft pulp)","conditions_detail":"AFM direct force-displacement on never-dried wet fibres immersed in water (BSW kraft pulp) | form: whole fiber | axis: transverse (force-displacement) | test state: wet","doi":"10.1007/s10570-017-1407-6","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-017-1407-6","year":"2017","confidence":"high","comments":"\"For BSW the modulus of elasticity ranges from 1 to 12 MPa and for TMP between 15-190 MPa.\"  — Cellulose 24(10). Wet never-dried fibres immersed in water; very low modulus (MPa) -- water plasticization. TMP = thermomechanical pulp.  [Pettersson T, Hellwig J, Gustafsson PJ, et al., 2017, confidence: high]"},{"id":486,"dataset":"cellulose","entity":"wet never-dried cellulose pulp fiber (thermomechanical pulp)","entity_group":"dissolving/wood pulp","entity_class":"pulp / microcrystalline cellulose","property":"Young's modulus","property_key":"youngs_modulus","value":"0.1025","unit":"GPa","value_reported":"15-190","unit_reported":"MPa","method":"Experiment","method_detail":"AFM direct force-displacement on never-dried wet fibres immersed in water (TMP)","conditions":"AFM direct force-displacement on never-dried wet fibres immersed in water (TMP)","conditions_detail":"AFM direct force-displacement on never-dried wet fibres immersed in water (TMP) | form: whole fiber | axis: transverse (force-displacement) | test state: wet","doi":"10.1007/s10570-017-1407-6","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-017-1407-6","year":"2017","confidence":"high","comments":"\"For BSW the modulus of elasticity ranges from 1 to 12 MPa and for TMP between 15-190 MPa.\"  — Wet TMP fibre modulus in MPa (water-saturated).  [Pettersson T, Hellwig J, Gustafsson PJ, et al., 2017, confidence: high]"},{"id":487,"dataset":"cellulose","entity":"moist cellulose (longitudinal)","entity_group":"cellulose (generic)","entity_class":"native cellulose","property":"Young's modulus","property_key":"youngs_modulus","value":"134.0","unit":"GPa","value_reported":"134","unit_reported":"GPa","method":"Review","method_detail":"Longitudinal modulus of elasticity of moist cellulose (Salmen 2009), cited","conditions":"Longitudinal modulus of elasticity of moist cellulose (Salmen 2009), cited","conditions_detail":"Longitudinal modulus of elasticity of moist cellulose (Salmen 2009), cited | form: cell-wall polymer | axis: axial (longitudinal) | test state: moist","doi":"10.1007/s10570-017-1407-6","source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-017-1407-6","year":"2017","confidence":"high","comments":"\"for moist cellulose Salmen (2009) gives a value for the longitudinal modulus of elasticity of 134 GPa and only 40 MPa for moist hemicellulose.\"  — Original: Salmen 2009. Longitudinal modulus of moist cellulose (cell-wall).  [Pettersson T, Hellwig J, Gustafsson PJ, et al., 2017, confidence: high]"},{"id":488,"dataset":"cellulose","entity":"cellulose Ibeta crystal (chain axis [001])","entity_group":"cellulose crystal","entity_class":"native cellulose","property":"Young's modulus","property_key":"youngs_modulus","value":"206.0","unit":"GPa","value_reported":"206","unit_reported":"GPa","method":"Simulation","method_detail":"First-principles DFT with van der Waals interactions; Young's modulus along [001] c-axis (chain direction)","conditions":"First-principles DFT with van der Waals interactions; Young's modulus along [001] c-axis (chain direction)","conditions_detail":"First-principles DFT with van der Waals interactions; Young's modulus along [001] c-axis (chain direction) | form: crystal | axis: axial (chain direction, [001] c-axis)","doi":"10.1007/s10570-013-0071-8","source_url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10570-013-0071-8","year":"2013","confidence":"medium","comments":"\"The computed Young's modulus is found to be 206 GPa along [001] (c-axis), 98 GPa along [010] (b-axis), and 19 GPa along [100] (a-axis).\"  — Cellulose 20:2703. DFT axial crystal modulus. Quote from search-engine extraction of abstract; not directly fetched (Springer paywalled).  [Dri FL, Hector LG, Moon RJ, Zavattieri PD, 2013, confidence: medium]"},{"id":489,"dataset":"cellulose","entity":"cellulose Ibeta crystal (b-axis [010])","entity_group":"cellulose crystal","entity_class":"native cellulose","property":"Young's modulus","property_key":"youngs_modulus","value":"98.0","unit":"GPa","value_reported":"98","unit_reported":"GPa","method":"Simulation","method_detail":"First-principles DFT with van der Waals interactions; Young's modulus along [010] b-axis (transverse, H-bonded sheet)","conditions":"First-principles DFT with van der Waals interactions; Young's modulus along [010] b-axis (transverse, H-bonded sheet)","conditions_detail":"First-principles DFT with van der Waals interactions; Young's modulus along [010] b-axis (transverse, H-bonded sheet) | form: crystal | axis: transverse ([010] b-axis)","doi":"10.1007/s10570-013-0071-8","source_url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10570-013-0071-8","year":"2013","confidence":"medium","comments":"\"The computed Young's modulus is found to be 206 GPa along [001] (c-axis), 98 GPa along [010] (b-axis), and 19 GPa along [100] (a-axis).\"  — DFT transverse (b-axis) crystal modulus. Quote from search-engine extraction of abstract.  [Dri FL, Hector LG, Moon RJ, Zavattieri PD, 2013, confidence: medium]"},{"id":490,"dataset":"cellulose","entity":"cellulose Ibeta crystal (a-axis [100])","entity_group":"cellulose crystal","entity_class":"native cellulose","property":"Young's modulus","property_key":"youngs_modulus","value":"19.0","unit":"GPa","value_reported":"19","unit_reported":"GPa","method":"Simulation","method_detail":"First-principles DFT with van der Waals interactions; Young's modulus along [100] a-axis (transverse, vdW-stacked)","conditions":"First-principles DFT with van der Waals interactions; Young's modulus along [100] a-axis (transverse, vdW-stacked)","conditions_detail":"First-principles DFT with van der Waals interactions; Young's modulus along [100] a-axis (transverse, vdW-stacked) | form: crystal | axis: transverse ([100] a-axis)","doi":"10.1007/s10570-013-0071-8","source_url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10570-013-0071-8","year":"2013","confidence":"medium","comments":"\"The computed Young's modulus is found to be 206 GPa along [001] (c-axis), 98 GPa along [010] (b-axis), and 19 GPa along [100] (a-axis).\"  — DFT transverse (a-axis) crystal modulus -- lowest direction. Quote from search-engine extraction of abstract.  [Dri FL, Hector LG, Moon RJ, Zavattieri PD, 2013, confidence: medium]"},{"id":491,"dataset":"cellulose","entity":"cellulose crystal (DFT elastic modulus)","entity_group":"cellulose crystal","entity_class":"native cellulose","property":"Young's modulus","property_key":"youngs_modulus","value":"141.34","unit":"GPa","value_reported":"141.34","unit_reported":"GPa","method":"Simulation","method_detail":"DFT calculation of elastic modulus of cellulose crystal","conditions":"DFT calculation of elastic modulus of cellulose crystal","conditions_detail":"DFT calculation of elastic modulus of cellulose crystal | form: crystal | axis: not fully specified (reported as elastic modulus)","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.011605","source_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0254058425011605","year":"2025","confidence":"low","comments":"\"DFT calculations evaluated the Elastic modulus, shearing modulus, and bulk modulus, which were determined to be 141.34 GPa, 63.57 GPa, and 60.68 GPa, respectively.\"  — DOI inferred from article id (S0254058425011605); confidence low pending DOI confirmation. DFT elastic modulus of cellulose.  [et al., 2025, confidence: low]"},{"id":492,"dataset":"cellulose","entity":"bacterial microcrystalline cellulose (BMCC)","entity_group":"bacterial cellulose","entity_class":"native cellulose","property":"crystallinity index","property_key":"crystallinity_index","value":"95.2","unit":"%","value_reported":"95.2","unit_reported":"%","method":"Experiment","method_detail":"XRD, Segal peak-height method (after baseline subtraction)","conditions":"XRD, Segal peak-height method (after baseline subtraction)","conditions_detail":"XRD, Segal peak-height method (after baseline subtraction) | measurement: XRD peak height (Segal) | allomorph: I | source: bacterial microcrystalline cellulose","doi":"10.1186/1754-6834-3-10","source_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2890632/","year":"2010","confidence":"high","comments":"\"BMCC ... XRD peak height 95.2%\"  — Table 2 of the canonical method-comparison paper; same sample measured by four methods (this row = peak height).  [Park S, Baker JO, Himmel ME, Parilla PA, Johnson DK, 2010, confidence: high]"},{"id":493,"dataset":"cellulose","entity":"bacterial microcrystalline cellulose (BMCC)","entity_group":"bacterial cellulose","entity_class":"native cellulose","property":"crystallinity index","property_key":"crystallinity_index","value":"73.1","unit":"%","value_reported":"73.1","unit_reported":"%","method":"Experiment","method_detail":"XRD peak deconvolution","conditions":"XRD peak deconvolution","conditions_detail":"XRD peak deconvolution | measurement: XRD deconvolution | allomorph: I | source: bacterial microcrystalline cellulose","doi":"10.1186/1754-6834-3-10","source_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2890632/","year":"2010","confidence":"high","comments":"\"BMCC ... XRD deconvolution 73.1%\"  — Same BMCC sample as peak-height row; deconvolution gives lower value.  [Park S, Baker JO, Himmel ME, Parilla PA, Johnson DK, 2010, confidence: high]"},{"id":494,"dataset":"cellulose","entity":"bacterial microcrystalline cellulose (BMCC)","entity_group":"bacterial cellulose","entity_class":"native cellulose","property":"crystallinity index","property_key":"crystallinity_index","value":"82.4","unit":"%","value_reported":"82.4","unit_reported":"%","method":"Experiment","method_detail":"XRD amorphous subtraction","conditions":"XRD amorphous subtraction","conditions_detail":"XRD amorphous subtraction | measurement: XRD amorphous subtraction | allomorph: I | source: bacterial microcrystalline cellulose","doi":"10.1186/1754-6834-3-10","source_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2890632/","year":"2010","confidence":"high","comments":"\"BMCC ... XRD amorphous subtraction 82.4%\"  — Same BMCC sample, amorphous-subtraction method.  [Park S, Baker JO, Himmel ME, Parilla PA, Johnson DK, 2010, confidence: high]"},{"id":495,"dataset":"cellulose","entity":"bacterial microcrystalline cellulose (BMCC)","entity_group":"bacterial cellulose","entity_class":"native cellulose","property":"crystallinity index","property_key":"crystallinity_index","value":"73.8","unit":"%","value_reported":"73.8","unit_reported":"%","method":"Experiment","method_detail":"13C CP/MAS NMR, C4 peak separation","conditions":"13C CP/MAS NMR, C4 peak separation","conditions_detail":"13C CP/MAS NMR, C4 peak separation | measurement: NMR C4 peak separation | allomorph: I | source: bacterial microcrystalline cellulose","doi":"10.1186/1754-6834-3-10","source_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2890632/","year":"2010","confidence":"high","comments":"\"BMCC ... NMR C4 peak separation 73.8%\"  — Same BMCC sample by solid-state 13C NMR.  [Park S, Baker JO, Himmel ME, Parilla PA, Johnson DK, 2010, confidence: high]"},{"id":496,"dataset":"cellulose","entity":"Avicel PH-101 microcrystalline cellulose","entity_group":"microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)","entity_class":"pulp / microcrystalline cellulose","property":"crystallinity index","property_key":"crystallinity_index","value":"91.7","unit":"%","value_reported":"91.7","unit_reported":"%","method":"Experiment","method_detail":"XRD, Segal peak-height method (after baseline subtraction)","conditions":"XRD, Segal peak-height method (after baseline subtraction)","conditions_detail":"XRD, Segal peak-height method (after baseline subtraction) | measurement: XRD peak height (Segal) | allomorph: I | source: Avicel PH-101 (commercial MCC, wood-derived)","doi":"10.1186/1754-6834-3-10","source_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2890632/","year":"2010","confidence":"high","comments":"\"We found the value for Avicel PH-101 to be 91.7% using the XRD peak height method after baseline subtraction\"  — 91.7 +/- 1.5%. Would be 81.0% without baseline subtraction.  [Park S, Baker JO, Himmel ME, Parilla PA, Johnson DK, 2010, confidence: high]"},{"id":497,"dataset":"cellulose","entity":"Avicel PH-101 microcrystalline cellulose","entity_group":"microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)","entity_class":"pulp / microcrystalline cellulose","property":"crystallinity index","property_key":"crystallinity_index","value":"60.6","unit":"%","value_reported":"60.6","unit_reported":"%","method":"Experiment","method_detail":"XRD peak deconvolution","conditions":"XRD peak deconvolution","conditions_detail":"XRD peak deconvolution | measurement: XRD deconvolution | allomorph: I | source: Avicel PH-101 (commercial MCC)","doi":"10.1186/1754-6834-3-10","source_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2890632/","year":"2010","confidence":"high","comments":"\"Avicel PH-101 ... XRD deconvolution 60.6 +/- 1.0%\"  — 60.6 +/- 1.0%; same Avicel sample as peak-height row.  [Park S, Baker JO, Himmel ME, Parilla PA, Johnson DK, 2010, confidence: high]"},{"id":498,"dataset":"cellulose","entity":"Avicel PH-101 microcrystalline cellulose","entity_group":"microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)","entity_class":"pulp / microcrystalline cellulose","property":"crystallinity index","property_key":"crystallinity_index","value":"77.7","unit":"%","value_reported":"77.7","unit_reported":"%","method":"Experiment","method_detail":"XRD amorphous subtraction","conditions":"XRD amorphous subtraction","conditions_detail":"XRD amorphous subtraction | measurement: XRD amorphous subtraction | allomorph: I | source: Avicel PH-101 (commercial MCC)","doi":"10.1186/1754-6834-3-10","source_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2890632/","year":"2010","confidence":"high","comments":"\"Avicel PH-101 ... XRD amorphous subtraction 77.7 +/- 1.9%\"  — 77.7 +/- 1.9%.  [Park S, Baker JO, Himmel ME, Parilla PA, Johnson DK, 2010, confidence: high]"},{"id":499,"dataset":"cellulose","entity":"Avicel PH-101 microcrystalline cellulose","entity_group":"microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)","entity_class":"pulp / microcrystalline cellulose","property":"crystallinity index","property_key":"crystallinity_index","value":"56.7","unit":"%","value_reported":"56.7","unit_reported":"%","method":"Experiment","method_detail":"13C CP/MAS NMR, C4 peak separation","conditions":"13C CP/MAS NMR, C4 peak separation","conditions_detail":"13C CP/MAS NMR, C4 peak separation | measurement: NMR C4 peak separation | allomorph: I | source: Avicel PH-101 (commercial MCC)","doi":"10.1186/1754-6834-3-10","source_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2890632/","year":"2010","confidence":"high","comments":"\"Avicel PH-101 ... NMR C4 peak separation 56.7 +/- 2.2%\"  — 56.7 +/- 2.2%; NMR gives the lowest value for the same Avicel sample (vs 91.7% by peak height).  [Park S, Baker JO, Himmel ME, Parilla PA, Johnson DK, 2010, confidence: high]"},{"id":500,"dataset":"cellulose","entity":"SigmaCell 50 cellulose","entity_group":"cellulose (generic)","entity_class":"pulp / microcrystalline cellulose","property":"crystallinity index","property_key":"crystallinity_index","value":"91.2","unit":"%","value_reported":"91.2","unit_reported":"%","method":"Experiment","method_detail":"XRD, Segal peak-height method","conditions":"XRD, Segal peak-height method","conditions_detail":"XRD, Segal peak-height method | measurement: XRD peak height (Segal) | allomorph: I | source: SigmaCell 50 (commercial cellulose)","doi":"10.1186/1754-6834-3-10","source_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2890632/","year":"2010","confidence":"high","comments":"\"SigmaCell 50 ... XRD peak height 91.2%\"  — Table 2.  [Park S, Baker JO, Himmel ME, Parilla PA, Johnson DK, 2010, confidence: high]"}]}