Glyco Property List
Pooled literature properties (glycanDB). Optional filters: ?dataset=uv_vis&property_key=...
GET /api/gdd/glyco-properties/?format=api&page=22
{ "count": 839, "next": "http://glycodata.org/api/gdd/glyco-properties/?format=api&page=23", "previous": "http://glycodata.org/api/gdd/glyco-properties/?format=api&page=21", "results": [ { "id": 421, "dataset": "cellulose", "entity": "cellulose IIIII crystal (axial)", "entity_group": "regenerated cellulose (other)", "entity_class": "regenerated cellulose", "property": "Young's modulus", "property_key": "youngs_modulus", "value": "58.0", "unit": "GPa", "value_reported": "58", "unit_reported": "GPa", "method": "Experiment", "method_detail": "X-ray diffraction, elastic modulus El of crystalline regions parallel to chain axis", "conditions": "X-ray diffraction, elastic modulus El of crystalline regions parallel to chain axis", "conditions_detail": "X-ray diffraction, elastic modulus El of crystalline regions parallel to chain axis | form: crystal | axis: axial (chain direction) | test state: dry", "doi": "10.1002/polb.1995.090331110", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.1995.090331110", "year": "1995", "confidence": "high", "comments": "\"The EL values of cellulose I, II, III, IIII, and IVI were 138, 88, 87, 58, 75 GPa, respectively.\" — Cellulose IIIII polymorph crystal axial modulus (lowest of the polymorphs). [Nishino T, Takano K, Nakamae K, 1995, confidence: high]" }, { "id": 422, "dataset": "cellulose", "entity": "cellulose IVI crystal (axial)", "entity_group": "regenerated cellulose (other)", "entity_class": "regenerated cellulose", "property": "Young's modulus", "property_key": "youngs_modulus", "value": "75.0", "unit": "GPa", "value_reported": "75", "unit_reported": "GPa", "method": "Experiment", "method_detail": "X-ray diffraction, elastic modulus El of crystalline regions parallel to chain axis", "conditions": "X-ray diffraction, elastic modulus El of crystalline regions parallel to chain axis", "conditions_detail": "X-ray diffraction, elastic modulus El of crystalline regions parallel to chain axis | form: crystal | axis: axial (chain direction) | test state: dry", "doi": "10.1002/polb.1995.090331110", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.1995.090331110", "year": "1995", "confidence": "high", "comments": "\"The EL values of cellulose I, II, III, IIII, and IVI were 138, 88, 87, 58, 75 GPa, respectively.\" — Cellulose IVI polymorph crystal axial modulus. [Nishino T, Takano K, Nakamae K, 1995, confidence: high]" }, { "id": 423, "dataset": "cellulose", "entity": "tunicate cellulose whisker (axial)", "entity_group": "tunicate cellulose", "entity_class": "native cellulose", "property": "Young's modulus", "property_key": "youngs_modulus", "value": "143.0", "unit": "GPa", "value_reported": "143", "unit_reported": "GPa", "method": "Experiment", "method_detail": "Raman spectroscopy, shift of 1095 cm-1 band under four-point bending; axial crystalline modulus", "conditions": "Raman spectroscopy, shift of 1095 cm-1 band under four-point bending; axial crystalline modulus", "conditions_detail": "Raman spectroscopy, shift of 1095 cm-1 band under four-point bending; axial crystalline modulus | form: crystal (whisker / single crystal) | axis: axial (chain direction) | test state: dry", "doi": "10.1021/bm049291k", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/bm049291k", "year": "2005", "confidence": "high", "comments": "\"it is shown that the modulus of the material is very high, at about 143 GPa, and a lack of Raman band broadening is thought to be due to the fact that there is pure crystalline deformation occurring without the effect of crystalline/amorphous fractions\" — Biomacromolecules 6(2):1055-1061. Raman-measured tunicate (highly crystalline native cellulose) modulus. [Sturcova A, Davies GR, Eichhorn SJ, 2005, confidence: high]" }, { "id": 424, "dataset": "cellulose", "entity": "cellulose chain (axial), molecular mechanics", "entity_group": "cellulose (generic)", "entity_class": "native cellulose", "property": "Young's modulus", "property_key": "youngs_modulus", "value": "145.0", "unit": "GPa", "value_reported": "145", "unit_reported": "GPa", "method": "Simulation", "method_detail": "Molecular mechanics / empirical force field simulation of a highly oriented cellulose chain", "conditions": "Molecular mechanics / empirical force field simulation of a highly oriented cellulose chain", "conditions_detail": "Molecular mechanics / empirical force field simulation of a highly oriented cellulose chain | form: single chain (modeled) | axis: axial (chain direction)", "doi": "10.1021/bm049291k", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/bm049291k", "year": "2005", "confidence": "high", "comments": "\"A molecular mechanics approach, using computer simulation and an empirical force field, was used to predict the modulus of a highly oriented chain of the material, and this is found to be 145 GPa, which is in agreement with the experimental data.\" — Computed chain axial modulus accompanying the Raman experiment. [Sturcova A, Davies GR, Eichhorn SJ, 2005, confidence: high]" }, { "id": 425, "dataset": "cellulose", "entity": "single tunicate cellulose microfibril (TEMPO-oxidized)", "entity_group": "tunicate cellulose", "entity_class": "nanocellulose", "property": "Young's modulus", "property_key": "youngs_modulus", "value": "145.2", "unit": "GPa", "value_reported": "145.2", "unit_reported": "GPa", "method": "Experiment", "method_detail": "AFM three-point bending test on single microfibril (8x20 nm cross-section), TEMPO-oxidation prepared", "conditions": "AFM three-point bending test on single microfibril (8x20 nm cross-section), TEMPO-oxidation prepared", "conditions_detail": "AFM three-point bending test on single microfibril (8x20 nm cross-section), TEMPO-oxidation prepared | form: single nanofibril | axis: axial (longitudinal) | test state: dry", "doi": "10.1021/bm900520n", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/bm900520n", "year": "2009", "confidence": "high", "comments": "\"The elastic moduli of single microfibrils prepared by TEMPO-oxidation and acid hydrolysis were 145.2 ± 31.3 and 150.7 ± 28.8 GPa, respectively.\" — Biomacromolecules 10(9):2571-2576. Single nanofibril axial modulus by AFM. [Iwamoto S, Kai W, Isogai A, 2009, confidence: high]" }, { "id": 426, "dataset": "cellulose", "entity": "single tunicate cellulose microfibril (acid hydrolysis)", "entity_group": "tunicate cellulose", "entity_class": "nanocellulose", "property": "Young's modulus", "property_key": "youngs_modulus", "value": "150.7", "unit": "GPa", "value_reported": "150.7", "unit_reported": "GPa", "method": "Experiment", "method_detail": "AFM three-point bending test on single microfibril (8x20 nm cross-section), sulfuric acid hydrolysis prepared", "conditions": "AFM three-point bending test on single microfibril (8x20 nm cross-section), sulfuric acid hydrolysis prepared", "conditions_detail": "AFM three-point bending test on single microfibril (8x20 nm cross-section), sulfuric acid hydrolysis prepared | form: single nanofibril | axis: axial (longitudinal) | test state: dry", "doi": "10.1021/bm900520n", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/bm900520n", "year": "2009", "confidence": "high", "comments": "\"The elastic moduli of single microfibrils prepared by TEMPO-oxidation and acid hydrolysis were 145.2 ± 31.3 and 150.7 ± 28.8 GPa, respectively.\" — Single nanofibril axial modulus by AFM; acid-hydrolysis prep. [Iwamoto S, Kai W, Isogai A, 2009, confidence: high]" }, { "id": 427, "dataset": "cellulose", "entity": "single bacterial cellulose fiber", "entity_group": "bacterial cellulose", "entity_class": "native cellulose", "property": "Young's modulus", "property_key": "youngs_modulus", "value": "78.0", "unit": "GPa", "value_reported": "78", "unit_reported": "GPa", "method": "Experiment", "method_detail": "AFM, single bacterial cellulose fibers (diameters 35-90 nm), cited in CRFM review", "conditions": "AFM, single bacterial cellulose fibers (diameters 35-90 nm), cited in CRFM review", "conditions_detail": "AFM, single bacterial cellulose fibers (diameters 35-90 nm), cited in CRFM review | form: single nanofibril | axis: axial | test state: dry", "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-777439/v1", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-777439/v1", "year": "2021", "confidence": "high", "comments": "\"the elastic modulus are reported as (98 ± 6) GPa for Lyocell CNF (i.e., regenerated cellulose), (81 ± 12) GPa for wood pulp CNF, (84 ± 23) GPa for commercial microfibrilated CNF (Cheng et al. 2009) and (78 ± 17) GPa for bacterial CNF (Guhados et al. 2005).\" — Original value: Guhados et al. 2005 (Langmuir, 10.1021/la0504311). Three-point-bend AFM single bacterial cellulose fiber. [Hess KM, Killgore JP, et al., 2021, confidence: high]" }, { "id": 428, "dataset": "cellulose", "entity": "single wood pulp cellulose nanofibril", "entity_group": "cellulose nanofibril (CNF)", "entity_class": "nanocellulose", "property": "Young's modulus", "property_key": "youngs_modulus", "value": "81.0", "unit": "GPa", "value_reported": "81", "unit_reported": "GPa", "method": "Experiment", "method_detail": "AFM three-point bending of single fibril (Cheng & Wang 2009), cited in CRFM review", "conditions": "AFM three-point bending of single fibril (Cheng & Wang 2009), cited in CRFM review", "conditions_detail": "AFM three-point bending of single fibril (Cheng & Wang 2009), cited in CRFM review | form: single nanofibril | axis: axial | test state: dry", "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-777439/v1", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-777439/v1", "year": "2021", "confidence": "high", "comments": "\"the elastic modulus are reported as (98 ± 6) GPa for Lyocell CNF (i.e., regenerated cellulose), (81 ± 12) GPa for wood pulp CNF, (84 ± 23) GPa for commercial microfibrilated CNF (Cheng et al. 2009) and (78 ± 17) GPa for bacterial CNF (Guhados et al. 2005).\" — Single fibril axial modulus by AFM, wood pulp source. [Hess KM, Killgore JP, et al., 2021, confidence: high]" }, { "id": 429, "dataset": "cellulose", "entity": "single commercial microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) nanofibril", "entity_group": "cellulose nanofibril (CNF)", "entity_class": "nanocellulose", "property": "Young's modulus", "property_key": "youngs_modulus", "value": "84.0", "unit": "GPa", "value_reported": "84", "unit_reported": "GPa", "method": "Experiment", "method_detail": "AFM three-point bending of single fibril (Cheng et al. 2009), cited in CRFM review", "conditions": "AFM three-point bending of single fibril (Cheng et al. 2009), cited in CRFM review", "conditions_detail": "AFM three-point bending of single fibril (Cheng et al. 2009), cited in CRFM review | form: single nanofibril | axis: axial | test state: dry", "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-777439/v1", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-777439/v1", "year": "2021", "confidence": "high", "comments": "\"(84 ± 23) GPa for commercial microfibrilated CNF (Cheng et al. 2009)\" — Single fibril axial modulus by AFM, commercial MFC. [Hess KM, Killgore JP, et al., 2021, confidence: high]" }, { "id": 430, "dataset": "cellulose", "entity": "single lyocell cellulose nanofibril (regenerated, CNF)", "entity_group": "lyocell/Tencel", "entity_class": "regenerated cellulose", "property": "Young's modulus", "property_key": "youngs_modulus", "value": "98.0", "unit": "GPa", "value_reported": "98", "unit_reported": "GPa", "method": "Experiment", "method_detail": "AFM three-point bending of single fibril (Cheng et al. 2009), cited in CRFM review", "conditions": "AFM three-point bending of single fibril (Cheng et al. 2009), cited in CRFM review", "conditions_detail": "AFM three-point bending of single fibril (Cheng et al. 2009), cited in CRFM review | form: single nanofibril | axis: axial | test state: dry", "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-777439/v1", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-777439/v1", "year": "2021", "confidence": "high", "comments": "\"the elastic modulus are reported as (98 ± 6) GPa for Lyocell CNF (i.e., regenerated cellulose)\" — Single fibril (regenerated cellulose II) axial modulus by AFM. [Hess KM, Killgore JP, et al., 2021, confidence: high]" }, { "id": 431, "dataset": "cellulose", "entity": "single dry lyocell fibril (170 nm diameter)", "entity_group": "lyocell/Tencel", "entity_class": "regenerated cellulose", "property": "Young's modulus", "property_key": "youngs_modulus", "value": "93.0", "unit": "GPa", "value_reported": "93", "unit_reported": "GPa", "method": "Experiment", "method_detail": "AFM three-point bending test on grooved silica wafer (Cheng & Wang 2008), cited in wet-fibre AFM paper", "conditions": "AFM three-point bending test on grooved silica wafer (Cheng & Wang 2008), cited in wet-fibre AFM paper", "conditions_detail": "AFM three-point bending test on grooved silica wafer (Cheng & Wang 2008), cited in wet-fibre AFM paper | form: single nanofibril | axis: axial | test state: dry", "doi": "10.1007/s10570-017-1407-6", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-017-1407-6", "year": "2017", "confidence": "high", "comments": "\"Cheng and Wang (2008) used an AFM to measure the elastic modulus of dry lyocell fibrils using a three point bending test where the fibrils were positioned on a grooved silica wafer. They recorded tip penetration into the fibril with a diameter of 170 nm and the elastic modulus was calculated as 93 GPa.\" — Original: Cheng & Wang 2008 (Compos A, 10.1016/j.compositesa.2008.09.007). Single lyocell fibril, dry. [Pettersson T, Hellwig J, Gustafsson PJ, et al., 2017, confidence: high]" }, { "id": 432, "dataset": "cellulose", "entity": "single wood cellulose nanocrystal (transverse)", "entity_group": "cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)", "entity_class": "nanocellulose", "property": "Young's modulus", "property_key": "youngs_modulus", "value": "34.0", "unit": "GPa", "value_reported": "18-50", "unit_reported": "GPa", "method": "Experiment", "method_detail": "AFM force-distance curves + finite element model, transverse elastic modulus (Lahiji et al. 2010), at 0.1% RH", "conditions": "AFM force-distance curves + finite element model, transverse elastic modulus (Lahiji et al. 2010), at 0.1% RH", "conditions_detail": "AFM force-distance curves + finite element model, transverse elastic modulus (Lahiji et al. 2010), at 0.1% RH | form: single nanocrystal | axis: transverse (perpendicular to chain) | test state: dry | RH (%): 0.1", "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-777439/v1", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-777439/v1", "year": "2021", "confidence": "high", "comments": "\"Using AFM force-distance curves and a finite element model, the transverse elastic modulus of wood CNCs at 0.1 % relative humidity (RH) was reported to range from 18 GPa to 50 GPa (Lahiji et al 2010).\" — Original: Lahiji et al. 2010 (Langmuir, 10.1021/la903111j). TRANSVERSE modulus -- distinct from axial. [Hess KM, Killgore JP, et al., 2021, confidence: high]" }, { "id": 433, "dataset": "cellulose", "entity": "single tunicate cellulose nanocrystal (transverse)", "entity_group": "tunicate cellulose", "entity_class": "nanocellulose", "property": "Young's modulus", "property_key": "youngs_modulus", "value": "6.0", "unit": "GPa", "value_reported": "6", "unit_reported": "GPa", "method": "Experiment", "method_detail": "AFM force-distance curves, Hertz-based DMT model, transverse elastic modulus (Postek et al. 2011), at 0.1% RH", "conditions": "AFM force-distance curves, Hertz-based DMT model, transverse elastic modulus (Postek et al. 2011), at 0.1% RH", "conditions_detail": "AFM force-distance curves, Hertz-based DMT model, transverse elastic modulus (Postek et al. 2011), at 0.1% RH | form: single nanocrystal | axis: transverse (perpendicular to chain) | test state: dry | RH (%): 0.1", "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-777439/v1", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-777439/v1", "year": "2021", "confidence": "medium", "comments": "\"the transverse elastic modulus of tunicate CNCs at 0.1 % RH was reported as 6 ± 6 GPa from AFM force-distance curves collected along the length of the CNC but analyzed using the Hertz-based DMT model (Postek et al 2011).\" — Original: Postek et al. 2011. Transverse modulus; large uncertainty (6 +/- 6). [Hess KM, Killgore JP, et al., 2021, confidence: medium]" }, { "id": 434, "dataset": "cellulose", "entity": "single cellulose nanofibril (longitudinal)", "entity_group": "cellulose nanofibril (CNF)", "entity_class": "nanocellulose", "property": "Young's modulus", "property_key": "youngs_modulus", "value": "150.0", "unit": "GPa", "value_reported": "150", "unit_reported": "GPa", "method": "Review", "method_detail": "Literature value for single cellulose nanocrystal longitudinal elastic modulus (cited refs 20,21)", "conditions": "Literature value for single cellulose nanocrystal longitudinal elastic modulus (cited refs 20,21)", "conditions_detail": "Literature value for single cellulose nanocrystal longitudinal elastic modulus (cited refs 20,21) | form: single nanocrystal | axis: axial (longitudinal)", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-017-17713-3", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-17713-3", "year": "2017", "confidence": "high", "comments": "\"the elastic modulus of a single cellulose nanocrystal in longitudinal direction is about 150 GPa and in the transverse direction is in the range of 18–50 GPa\" — Sci Rep 7:17683. Compilation value for single CNC longitudinal modulus. [Kafy A, Kim HC, Zhai L, et al., 2017, confidence: high]" }, { "id": 435, "dataset": "cellulose", "entity": "single cellulose nanocrystal (transverse)", "entity_group": "cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)", "entity_class": "nanocellulose", "property": "Young's modulus", "property_key": "youngs_modulus", "value": "34.0", "unit": "GPa", "value_reported": "18-50", "unit_reported": "GPa", "method": "Review", "method_detail": "Literature value for single cellulose nanocrystal transverse elastic modulus (cited refs 20,21)", "conditions": "Literature value for single cellulose nanocrystal transverse elastic modulus (cited refs 20,21)", "conditions_detail": "Literature value for single cellulose nanocrystal transverse elastic modulus (cited refs 20,21) | form: single nanocrystal | axis: transverse (perpendicular to chain)", "doi": "10.1038/s41598-017-17713-3", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-17713-3", "year": "2017", "confidence": "high", "comments": "\"the elastic modulus of a single cellulose nanocrystal in longitudinal direction is about 150 GPa and in the transverse direction is in the range of 18–50 GPa\" — Transverse single-CNC modulus compilation value. [Kafy A, Kim HC, Zhai L, et al., 2017, confidence: high]" }, { "id": 436, "dataset": "cellulose", "entity": "cellulose nanocrystal axial modulus (general)", "entity_group": "cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)", "entity_class": "nanocellulose", "property": "Young's modulus", "property_key": "youngs_modulus", "value": "165.0", "unit": "GPa", "value_reported": "110-220", "unit_reported": "GPa", "method": "Review", "method_detail": "Reported high axial elastic modulus range for cellulose fibrils (Moon et al. 2011)", "conditions": "Reported high axial elastic modulus range for cellulose fibrils (Moon et al. 2011)", "conditions_detail": "Reported high axial elastic modulus range for cellulose fibrils (Moon et al. 2011) | form: single nanocrystal/fibril | axis: axial", "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-777439/v1", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-777439/v1", "year": "2021", "confidence": "high", "comments": "\"the hydrogen bonding ... provides the cellulose fibrils with high axial elastic modulus (i.e., 110 GPa to 220 GPa) (J. Moon et al. 2011).\" — Original compilation: Moon et al. 2011 Chem Soc Rev. Axial range. [Hess KM, Killgore JP, et al., 2021, confidence: high]" }, { "id": 437, "dataset": "cellulose", "entity": "wood cellulose nanocrystal (CNC), nanoindentation compression", "entity_group": "cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)", "entity_class": "nanocellulose", "property": "Young's modulus", "property_key": "youngs_modulus", "value": "28.7", "unit": "GPa", "value_reported": "28.7", "unit_reported": "GPa", "method": "Experiment", "method_detail": "AFM nanoindentation, Oliver-Pharr (OP) analytical approach, compression modulus of CNC", "conditions": "AFM nanoindentation, Oliver-Pharr (OP) analytical approach, compression modulus of CNC", "conditions_detail": "AFM nanoindentation, Oliver-Pharr (OP) analytical approach, compression modulus of CNC | form: single nanocrystal | axis: transverse (indentation/compression) | test state: dry", "doi": "10.3390/ma10070718", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10070718", "year": "2017", "confidence": "high", "comments": "\"The CNC modulus values (ECNC-FS = 21.1 GPa, ECNC-OP = 28.7 GPa) were statistically larger than those obtained from CNFs (ECNF-FS = 12.4 GPa, ECNF-OP = 15.1 GPa).\" — Materials 10(7):718. OP approach, CNC compression modulus. [Yildirim N, Shaler SM, 2017, confidence: high]" }, { "id": 438, "dataset": "cellulose", "entity": "wood cellulose nanocrystal (CNC), nanoindentation compression", "entity_group": "cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)", "entity_class": "nanocellulose", "property": "Young's modulus", "property_key": "youngs_modulus", "value": "21.1", "unit": "GPa", "value_reported": "21.1", "unit_reported": "GPa", "method": "Experiment", "method_detail": "AFM nanoindentation, Fused-Silica (FS) analytical approach, compression modulus of CNC", "conditions": "AFM nanoindentation, Fused-Silica (FS) analytical approach, compression modulus of CNC", "conditions_detail": "AFM nanoindentation, Fused-Silica (FS) analytical approach, compression modulus of CNC | form: single nanocrystal | axis: transverse (indentation/compression) | test state: dry", "doi": "10.3390/ma10070718", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10070718", "year": "2017", "confidence": "high", "comments": "\"The CNC modulus values (ECNC-FS = 21.1 GPa, ECNC-OP = 28.7 GPa) were statistically larger than those obtained from CNFs (ECNF-FS = 12.4 GPa, ECNF-OP = 15.1 GPa).\" — FS approach, CNC compression modulus. [Yildirim N, Shaler SM, 2017, confidence: high]" }, { "id": 439, "dataset": "cellulose", "entity": "wood cellulose nanofibril (CNF), nanoindentation compression", "entity_group": "cellulose nanofibril (CNF)", "entity_class": "nanocellulose", "property": "Young's modulus", "property_key": "youngs_modulus", "value": "15.1", "unit": "GPa", "value_reported": "15.1", "unit_reported": "GPa", "method": "Experiment", "method_detail": "AFM nanoindentation, Oliver-Pharr (OP) analytical approach, compression modulus of CNF", "conditions": "AFM nanoindentation, Oliver-Pharr (OP) analytical approach, compression modulus of CNF", "conditions_detail": "AFM nanoindentation, Oliver-Pharr (OP) analytical approach, compression modulus of CNF | form: single nanofibril | axis: transverse (indentation/compression) | test state: dry", "doi": "10.3390/ma10070718", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10070718", "year": "2017", "confidence": "high", "comments": "\"The CNC modulus values (ECNC-FS = 21.1 GPa, ECNC-OP = 28.7 GPa) were statistically larger than those obtained from CNFs (ECNF-FS = 12.4 GPa, ECNF-OP = 15.1 GPa).\" — OP approach, CNF compression modulus. [Yildirim N, Shaler SM, 2017, confidence: high]" }, { "id": 440, "dataset": "cellulose", "entity": "wood cellulose nanocrystal (CNC), size-effect transverse", "entity_group": "cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)", "entity_class": "nanocellulose", "property": "Young's modulus", "property_key": "youngs_modulus", "value": "17.7", "unit": "GPa", "value_reported": "17.7", "unit_reported": "GPa", "method": "Experiment", "method_detail": "AFM transverse elastic modulus, size-effect study (Pakzad et al. 2011)", "conditions": "AFM transverse elastic modulus, size-effect study (Pakzad et al. 2011)", "conditions_detail": "AFM transverse elastic modulus, size-effect study (Pakzad et al. 2011) | form: single nanocrystal | axis: transverse | test state: dry", "doi": "10.3390/ma10070718", "source_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10070718", "year": "2017", "confidence": "high", "comments": "\"The study on investigating the size effect on the mechanical performances of nanocellulose, using the atomic force microscope (AFM) technique, showed that when CNC diameter is decreased the Et (transverse elastic modulus) is increased, which was found 17.7 ± 5 GPa\" — Original: Pakzad et al. 2011 (J Mater Res, 10.1557/jmr.2011.288). Transverse modulus. [Yildirim N, Shaler SM, 2017, confidence: high]" } ] }